Biology
Difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
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The Major Difference between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells is that Prokaryotic cells have no membrane-bound nucleus and organelles, cell size ranges from 0.5um to 100um While Eukaryotic Cells have a membrane-bounded nucleus, cell size ranges from 10um to 150um.
| Prokaryotic Cells | Eukaryotic Cells |
| 1.Prokaryotic cells do not have well defined nucleus. They do not have nuclear membrane. The nuclear material (DNA) is directly submerged in cytoplasm. | 1.Eukaryotic cells do not have well defined nucleus. They have nuclear membrane. |
| 2. The organism possessing prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes. | 2. The organism possessing eukaryotic cells are called eukaryotes. |
| 3. Prokaryotes lack membranous bound organelles. For example, mitochondria, Golgi bodies, Endoplasmic reticulum and Chloroplast are absent in prokaryotes. | 3.They contain all membranous bound organelles. |
| 4.Prokaryotes have small ribosome of 70S. | 4.They have large ribosomes of 80S. |
| 5. In prokaryotes, mitosis is absent and cell divides by binary fission. Prokaryotes are primitive organisms. | 5. Their cells are divided by mitosis. The eukaryotes are advanced organisms. |
| 6. The cell wall of the prokaryotes is made up of peptidoglycan or murein. In this case, polysaccharide chain is bound with the short chain of amino acids. | 6. Only plants have cell walls. The cell wall of plants is composed of cellulose. |
| 7. Examples: Bacteria and Blue-Green Algae (cyanobacteria) | 7. Examples: all other animals and plants, fungi and Protista. |
